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Overview:
Information literacy in psychology
To
many, “information literacy” is the current buzzword for teaching
students to do something they have been doing for a long time --
how to find, evaluate and use information on issues in Psychology.
So what has changed to anoint these activities with a new rubric
and to call for new skills and new approaches?
First,
some of us may still be more familiar with using printed sources
than electronic sources. And the way that print sources are traditionally
provided offers several safeguards in their use. Libraries are not
only organized on a common basis which we have come to understand,
but are staffed by trained professionals who serve as guides to
the collection. Moreover, the expense of holding materials requires
a filtering of materials into the standing collection -- a filtering,
in college and university libraries, largely based on quality and
disciplinary relevance. With the Web, students access information
directly, perhaps with little training on how to search effectively
for information on psychology and how to critically assess the quality
and authority of the information they find.
Second,
while access to both qualitative information and data has increased
and the cost and time required to obtain information has decreased,
faculty seem, too often, to feel that the quality of student research
has fallen rather than risen. Many of us object to papers drawn
too heavily from Web-based sources. Where we are familiar with the
literature or the availability of data on a topic, we are taken
aback by students' inability to find it and evaluate it. It sometimes
appears to us that students are conducting the academic equivalent
of mid-ocean drift netting -- sweeping the ocean clean for miles,
but catching too much that cannot be used.
As
faculty and information specialists, we face the challenge of exploiting
this information revolution and teaching our students to do the
same. Many of us were trained in a research process in which we
found a good current article and worked back, to previous works,
and out, to related works. While this skill is still relevant, a
student starting on the Web must sort in, to the relevant material,
and down, to works of quality and authority. With respect to quantitative
information, we need to ask what new opportunities this ready access
to data creates for undergraduate instruction and research. The
result of this analysis will enable us to develop assignments for
various widely-taught psychology courses that will aid students
in gaining stronger skills in using these recently available materials.
The
planning committee felt that faculty in the field of psychology
could collaborate effectively to develop assignments to help students
gain necessary information retrieval and evaluation skills. The
curricula on different campuses have many common elements. We share
a common structure of introductory, intermediate, and research courses.
We look forward to a fruitful discussion among ACM colleagues.
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Report
on the workshop
In
late July 2003, 24 psychologists and librarians met at St. Olaf
College to discuss ways to teach information literacy in the psychology
classroom.
Thomas Pusateri, director of assessment and Florida Atlantic University
and executive director of the Society for the Teaching of Psychology,
outlined the topic in a keynote address. Campus teams described
how they teach information literacy in introductory, research methods,
and special topics classes. The entire group brainstormed on the
information competencies needed by students of psychology at each
level.
The workshop participants agreed that teaching psychology was a
natural fit for information literacy. The field requires knowing
how to find and cite references -- in effect, how to become part
of the ongoing scholarly conversation. The psychology curriculum
is also highly structured, with students moving through a sequence
of courses that is fairly consistent from college to college.
The psychologists agreed that certain information literacy skills,
such as identifying quality articles from quality journals, critically
evaluating sources, citing sources correctly, and developing a strong
thesis, need to be taught at different levels.
Reference materials from the workshop are available at www.lawrence.edu/fac/revieg/acminfolit/psychinfolit.html.
At the end of the workshop participants identified several projects
they were interested in pursuing over the coming year. Among them
were:
- Constructing
a matrix of information literacy competencies, relating each competency
to a particular place in the curriculum;
- Outlining
information literacy skills appropriate for the introductory course,
and constructing modules to teach those skills; and
- Teaching
the value of a coherent literature search -- one that finds appropriate
citations and uses them correctly.
Each project will be spearheaded by one or more participants; the
ACM information literacy grant will provide financial support where
requested. A possible follow-up meeting next summer may share the
results of these projects. In the meantime, the psychologists hope
to develop an electronic mailing list for the sharing of assignments
and resources.
If
you are interested in knowing more about the workshop or follow-up
activities, contact ACM (312/263-5000).
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